Liver Function Test
A Liver Function Test (LFT) is a group of blood tests used to assess how well the liver is working and to detect liver damage or disease.
Common Components of LFT
| Test | Normal Function | High Levels May Indicate |
|---|---|---|
| ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) | Enzyme mainly in liver cells | Liver inflammation or damage (hepatitis, fatty liver) |
| AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) | Enzyme in liver, heart, muscles | Liver injury, muscle damage |
| ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) | Found in bile ducts and bone | Bile duct blockage, liver disease, bone disorders |
| GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase) | Enzyme in liver and bile ducts | Alcohol-related liver disease, bile duct problems |
| Bilirubin | Waste product processed by liver | Jaundice, liver disease, bile duct obstruction |
| Albumin | Protein made by liver | Low levels suggest chronic liver disease, malnutrition |
| Total Protein | Measures albumin and globulins | Abnormal levels may indicate liver or kidney disorders |
| PT/INR (sometimes included) | Measures blood clotting | Prolonged time may indicate impaired liver function |
Why LFTs Are Ordered
- Jaundice (yellow eyes/skin)
- Abdominal pain
- Fatigue or weakness
- Monitoring hepatitis
- Evaluating fatty liver disease
- Monitoring medication side effects
- Excessive alcohol use
Preparation
- Usually no special preparation is needed.
- Some tests may require fasting depending on your doctor’s instructions.
If you have your LFT results (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, albumin, etc.), send the values and reference ranges, and I can help interpret them.